How do you turn open systems into closed systems

# How do you turn open systems into closed systems? # How do you turn open systems into closed systems * [[If you can turn open systems into closed systems, computers can win at it]] * [[The Portal with Gary Kasparov]] ' #questions [Web URL for this note](http://notes.benjaminreinhardt.com/How+do+you+turn+open+systems+into+closed+systems) [Comment on this note](http://via.hypothes.is/http://notes.benjaminreinhardt.com/How+do+you+turn+open+systems+into+closed+systems)